#杂七杂八常识 ## 安装nginx: 如果要安装nginx,不同发行版,会有细微区别: 1、Debian或Ubuntu ``` bash # 更新软件包索引 sudo apt update # 安装 Nginx sudo apt install nginx # 启动并设置开机自启 sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx ``` 2、RHEL / CentOS / Rocky Linux / AlmaLinux(基于 yum 或 dnf) CentOS 7 / RHEL 7(使用 yum) ``` bash # 安装 EPEL 仓库(如果需要) sudo yum install epel-release # 安装 Nginx sudo yum install nginx # 启动并设置开机自启 sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx ``` 3、Fedora(基于 dnf) ``` bash # 安装 Nginx sudo dnf install nginx # 启动并设置开机自启 sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx ``` 4、Arch Linux / Manjaro(基于 pacman) ``` bash # 安装 Nginx sudo pacman -S nginx # 启动并设置开机自启 sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx ``` 5、openSUSE(基于 zypper) ``` bash # 安装 Nginx sudo zypper install nginx # 启动并设置开机自启 sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx ``` 6、Alpine Linux(基于 apk) ``` bash # 安装 Nginx sudo apk add nginx # 启动并设置开机自启 sudo rc-service nginx start sudo rc-update add nginx ``` 通过这个指令,可以判断,nginx是否安装成功 ``` bash systemctl status nginx ``` ![[Pasted image 20250509101105.png]] ![[Pasted image 20250509101119.png]] 查看nginx版本,同时测试配置文件,是否正常可以跑通,相关指令: ``` bash nginx -t ``` 运行结果: ![[Pasted image 20250528094006.png]] 然后,就可以开始,修改nginx的相关配置了,跳转到对应目录,然后`nano`看一下,对应的配置文件 ``` bash cd /etc/nginx/ nano nginx.conf ``` 配合[[rz 和 sz]]工具,可以把配置文件`nginx.conf`拷贝到,电脑本地; 然后,开始修改配置:同时存在多个,端口转发配置,都是以`server`包裹起来的,结构体,举例说明: ![[Pasted image 20250509102330.png]] ## 完整配置参考: ``` bash # For more information on configuration, see: # * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/ # * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/ user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /run/nginx.pid; # Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic. include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 4096; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory. # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include # for more information. include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; server { listen 81; server_name _; location / { root /usr/local/games/errorwebview/dist; index index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /404.html { internal; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { internal; } } # 新增的 server 块,监听 82 端口并路由到 3000 端口 server { listen 82; server_name _; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } # 主服务配置(80端口) server { listen 80; server_name _; # 处理/report到8080端口 location = /report { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; } # 处理/collect到83端口 location = /collect { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:83; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; } # 其他请求处理规则(可选) location / { # 默认处理规则,例如返回404或转发到其他服务 return 404; } # 错误页面配置 error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/html; } } # Settings for a TLS enabled server. # # server { # listen 443 ssl http2; # listen [::]:443 ssl http2; # server_name _; # root /usr/share/nginx/html; # # ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt"; # ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key"; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 10m; # ssl_ciphers PROFILE=SYSTEM; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # # # Load configuration files for the default server block. # include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; # # error_page 404 /404.html; # location = /40x.html { # } # # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; # location = /50x.html { # } # } } ``` 需要注意的是,80是默认端口,这里是把俩服务,分别转发到,对应的端口,例如8080和83 ![[Pasted image 20250509102657.png]] 修改完成后,也再通过[[rz 和 sz]]把配置文件,提交到linux服务器即可,如果注意的是,如果同文件夹,已有同名文件,是需要先把同名文件,改掉的,不然可能会出现,提交失败的情况,直接使用`mv`修改备份即可 ``` bash mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak ``` 然后,重启一下nginx ``` bash systemctl reload nginx ``` 需要注意的是,原本80端口的服务,就需要改成8080了,不然会出现异常,因为nginx端口转发成功了 ![[Pasted image 20250509103138.png]]